Note that there was a rewrite of a lot of the sound core and related drivers. The older stuff is generally called `OSS' and the newer is called `ALSA'. The intention is to drop the OSS stuff eventually. To avoid name conflict, the ALSA stuff generally has `snd-' as a prefix to all the boot parameters.
Note that each driver has its own
individual boot argument (very old kernels used a shared
sound=). Also, generally no defaults are set at
compile time (i.e. you must supply a boot
argument for older non-PNP ISA cards to be detected.)
Your best source of information for your card is the files
in linux/Documentation/sound/.
snd-dummy= Dummy soundcard
snd-mpu401= mpu401 UART
snd-mtpav= MOTU Midi Timepiece
snd-serial= Serial UART 16450/16550 MIDI
snd-virmidi= Dummy soundcard for virtual rawmidi devices
snd-ad1816a= ADI SoundPort AD1816A
snd-ad1848= Generic driver for AD1848/AD1847/CS4248
snd-als100= Avance Logic ALS100
snd-azt2320= Aztech Systems AZT2320 (and 2316)
snd-cmi8330= C-Media's CMI8330
snd-cs4231= Generic driver for CS4231 chips
snd-cs4232= Generic driver for CS4232 chips
snd-cs4236= Generic driver for CS4235/6/7/8/9 chips
snd-dt019x= Diamond Technologies DT-019x
snd-es1688= Generic ESS AudioDrive ESx688
snd-es18xx= Generic ESS AudioDrive ES18xx
snd-gusclassic= Gus classic
snd-gusextreme= Gus extreme
snd-gusmax= Gus Max
snd-interwave= Interwave
snd-interwave-stb= Interwave
snd-opl3sa2= Yamaha OPL3SA2
snd-opti93x= OPTi 82c93x based cards
snd-opti92x-cs4231= OPTi 82c92x/CS4231
snd-opti92x-ad1848= OPTi 82c92x/AD1848
snd-es968= ESS AudioDrive ES968
snd-sb16= SoundBlaster 16
snd-sbawe= SoundBlaster 16 AWE
snd-sb8= Old 8 bit SoundBlaster (1.0, 2.0, Pro)
snd-sgalaxy= Sound galaxy
snd-wavefront= Wavefront
ad1848= AD1848
adlib= Adlib
mad16= MAD16
pas2= ProAudioSpectrum PAS16
sb= SoundBlaster
uart401= UART 401 (on card chip)
uart6850= UART 6850 (on card chip)
opl3= Yamaha OPL2/OPL3/OPL4 FM Synthesizer (on card chip)
opl3sa= Yamaha OPL3-SA FM Synthesizer (on card chip)
opl3sa2= Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 FM Synthesizer (on card chip)
snd-ali5451= ALi PCI audio M5451
snd-als4000= Avance Logic ALS4000
snd-cmipci= C-Media CMI8338 and 8738
snd-cs4281= Cirrus Logic CS4281
snd-cs46xx= Cirrus Logic Sound Fusion CS46XX
snd-emu10k1= EMU10K1 (SB Live!)
snd-ens1370= Ensoniq ES1370 AudioPCI
snd-ens1371= Ensoniq ES1371 AudioPCI
snd-es1938= ESS Solo-1 (ES1938, ES1946, ES1969)
snd-es1968= ESS Maestro 1/2/2E
snd-fm801= ForteMedia FM801
snd-intel8x0= Intel ICH (i8x0) chipsets
snd-maestro3= ESS Maestro3/Allegro (ES1988)
snd-korg1212= Korg 1212 IO
snd-rme32= RME Digi32, Digi32/8 and Digi32 PRO
snd-nm256= NeoMagic 256AV and 256ZX
snd-rme96= RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST
snd-rme9652= RME Digi9652 audio interface
snd-hdsp= RME Hammerfall DSP
snd-sonicvibes= S3 SonicVibes
snd-trident= Trident 4DWave DX/NX & SiS SI7018
snd-via82xx= VIA South Bridge VT82C686A/B/C, VT8233A/C, VT8235
snd-ymfpci= Yamaha DS1/DS1E
snd-ice1712= ICEnsemble ICE1712 (Envy24)