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شكل1:البطاقةالإلكترونية

25 PIN D-SUB FEMALE at the PC.

 Pin  Name   Dir   Description
 1  STROBE  [-->] Strobe
 2  D0      [-->] Data Bit 0
 3  D1      [-->] Data Bit 1
 4  D2      [-->] Data Bit 2
 5  D3      [-->] Data Bit 3
 6  D4      [-->] Data Bit 4
 7  D5      [-->] Data Bit 5
 8  D6      [-->] Data Bit 6
 9  D7      [-->] Data Bit 7
 10 ACK     [<--] Acknowledge
 11 BUSY    [<--] Busy
 12 PE      [<--] Paper End
 13 SEL     [<--] Select
 14 AUTOFD  [-->] Autofeed
 15 ERROR   [<--] Error
 16 INIT    [-->] Initialize
 17 SELIN   [-->] Select In
 18 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 19 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 20 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 21 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 22 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 23 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 24 GND     [---] Signal Ground
 25 GND     [---] Signal Ground

==== pprobi.c =====
/* vim: set sw=8 ts=8 si : */
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
 * See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/ for details.
 *
 * Written by Katja Socher <katja@linuxfocus.org>
 *         and Guido Socher <guido@linuxfocus.org>
 *
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <signal.h>

#include "robi.h"

/* ----------- */
static int opt_r=0;
static int fd=0;
/* ----------- */
/* ----------- */
void help()
{
    printf("pprobi -- control software for a walking robot\n\
USAGE: pprobi [-h] [parport-device]\n\
\n\
OPTIONS:\n\
         -h this help\n\
         -r reset the parallel port data pins (all zero) and exit\n\
     \n\
The default device is /dev/parport0 \n\
");
#ifdef VERINFO
    puts(VERINFO);
#endif
exit(0);
}
/* Signal handler: all off then exit */
void offandexit(int code)
{
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    set_terminal(0);
    exit(0);
}

/* ----------- */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int state,bpat,alternate;
    char *dev;
    /* The following things are used for getopt: */
    int ch;
        extern char *optarg;
        extern int optind;
        extern int opterr;

    opterr = 0;
    while ((ch = (char)getopt(argc, argv, "hr")) != -1) {
        switch (ch) {
        case 'h':
            help(); /*no break, help does not return */
        case 'r':
            opt_r=1;
            break;
        case '?':
            fprintf(stderr, "serialtemp ERROR: No such option. -h for help.\n");
            exit(1);
        /*no default action for case */
        }
    }
    if (argc-optind < 1){
        /* less than one argument */
        dev="/dev/parport0";
    }else{
        /* the user has provided one argument */
        dev=argv[optind];
    }
    fd=robi_claim(dev); /* robi_claim has its own error checking */
    /* catch signals INT and TERM and switch off all data lines before
     * terminating */
    signal(SIGINT, offandexit);
    signal(SIGTERM, offandexit);

    /* initialize parpprt data lines to zero: */
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    set_terminal(1); /* set_terminal has its own error handling */
    state=0;
    alternate=0;
    if (opt_r){
        offandexit(1);
    }
        while(1){
        ch=getchoice();
        if (ch!=0) state=ch;
        if (ch == ' '){
            printf("Stop\n");
            robi_setdata(fd,0);
            usleep(500*1000);
        }
        if (ch == 'q'|| ch == 'x'){
            printf("Quit\n");
            break;
        }

        if (state=='l'){
            /*right */
            printf("walking right\n");
            walkright(fd);
        }
        if (state=='h'){
            /*left */
            printf("walking left\n");
            walkleft(fd);
        }
        if (state=='j'){
            printf("walking back\n");
            walkback(fd);
        }
        if (state=='k'){
            if (alternate){
                printf("walking straight on a\n");
                walkstraight_a(fd);
            }else{
                printf("walking straight on b\n");
                walkstraight_b(fd);
            }
            alternate=(alternate +1) %2;
        }

    }
    /* we get here if q was typed */
    set_terminal(0);
    return (0);
}

==== robi.c  =====
/* vim: set sw=8 ts=8 si : */
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
 * See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/ for details.
 *
 * Written by Katja Socher <katja@linuxfocus.org>
 *        and Guido Socher <guido@linuxfocus.org>
 *
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <linux/ppdev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include "robi.h"


/* like printf but exit the program */
static int die(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, fmt);
    vprintf(fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}
/* get one character from stdin
 * Returns non zero if char was read otherwise zero
 * The arrow keys are mapped as follows:
 * <- = h
 * -> = l
 * v = j
 * ^ = k
 */
int getchoice()
{
    int c;
    char s[20];

    if (fgets(s,20,stdin)){
        c=s[0];
        switch (c){
            case 0x1b: /* ESC */
                if (s[1] == 0x5b){
                    /* arrow keys are pressed */
                    switch (s[2]){
                        case 0x41: /*up arrow*/
                            c='k';
                            break;
                        case 0x42: /*down arrow*/
                            c='j';
                            break;
                        case 0x44: /*l arrow*/
                            c='h';
                            break;
                        case 0x43: /*r arrow*/
                            c='l';
                            break;
                        default:
                            c=0;
                    }
                }else{
                    c=0;
                }
                break;
            case ' ':
            case 'h':
            case 'j':
            case 'k':
            case 'l':
            case 'q':
            case 'x':
                break;
            default:
                c=0;
        }
        return(c);
    }
    return(0);
}

/* Set the Terminal to Non Canonical mode with echo off
 * or reset the terminal.
 * USAGE: set_terminal(1) for canonical
 */
int set_terminal(int canonical)
{
    static struct termios originalsettings;
    struct termios newsettings;
    static int origok=0; /* set if originalsettings valid */
    if (canonical){
        /* save original settings and set canonical mode*/
        tcgetattr(fileno(stdin),&originalsettings);
        newsettings=originalsettings;
        newsettings.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
        newsettings.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;
        newsettings.c_cc[VMIN]=0; /* do not block */
        newsettings.c_cc[VTIME]=1; /* 100 ms */
        if (tcsetattr(fileno(stdin),TCSANOW,&newsettings) !=0){
            die("ERROR: could not set terminal attributes on stdin\n");
        }
        origok=1;
    }else{
        if (origok){
            /* restore settings */
            tcsetattr(fileno(stdin),TCSANOW,&originalsettings);
        }
    }
    return(0);
}

/* open /dev/parportX device and claim it.
 * USAGE: fd=robi_claim("/dev/parport0");
 * The return value is a file descriptor used by other
 * functions such as robi_setdata */
int robi_claim(char *dev)
{
    int fd,i;

    fd = open(dev, O_RDWR );
        if (fd < 0) {
                die("ERROR: cannot open device %s\n",dev);
        }
    i=0;
    /* we need exclusive rights as we do not set the control lines*/
    /*ioctl(fd, PPEXCL, &i)&&die("ERROR: request for exclusive rights failed\n");*/
    ioctl(fd, PPCLAIM, &i)&&die("ERROR: could not claim parport\n");
    return(fd);

}
/* Walk left
 */
int walkleft(int fd)
{
    /* first B legs to ground */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGBD);
    usleep(400 *1000);
    /* all A legs 1 step */
    robi_setdata(fd, LEGB1 | LEGB3 );
    usleep(1100 *1000);

    /* first A legs to ground, cool B*/
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(400 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    usleep(1000 *1000);
    return(0);
}
/* Walk right
 */
int walkright(int fd)
{

    /* first A legs to ground */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(500 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,  LEGA3 | LEGAD);
    usleep(300 *1000);
    /* all A legs 1 step */
    robi_setdata(fd, LEGA1 | LEGA3 );
    usleep(1100 *1000);

    /* first B legs to ground, cool A*/
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGBD);
    usleep(400 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    usleep(1000 *1000);
    return(0);
}
/* Walk with all 3 legs 1 step forward
 */
int walkstraight_a(int fd)
{

    /* first A legs to ground */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(800 *1000);
    /* all A legs 1 step */
    robi_setdata(fd, LEGA1 | LEGA2 | LEGA3 );
    usleep(1000 *1000);

    /* first B legs to ground, cool A*/
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGBD);
    usleep(500 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    usleep(1200 *1000);
    return(0);
}
/* Walk with all 3 legs 1 step forward
 */
int walkstraight_b(int fd)
{
    /* first B legs to ground */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGBD);
    usleep(400 *1000);
    /* all B legs 1 step */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGB1 | LEGB2 | LEGB3);
    usleep(1000 *1000);
    /* A down and cool */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(800 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    usleep(1200 *1000);
    return(0);
}
/* Walk with all 6 legs 1 step back
 */
int walkback(int fd)
{

    /* first A legs to ground */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(800 *1000);
    /* all B legs 1 step in the air*/
    robi_setdata(fd, LEGB1 | LEGB2 | LEGB3 );
    usleep(500 *1000);

    /* first B legs to ground, cool A*/
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGBD);
    usleep(500 *1000);
    /* all A legs 1 step in the air*/
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGA1 | LEGA2 | LEGA3);
    usleep(500 *1000);
    /* A down and cool */
    robi_setdata(fd,LEGAD);
    usleep(800 *1000);
    robi_setdata(fd,0);
    usleep(1000 *1000);
    return(0);
}
/*---------*/
/* Write a bit pattern to the data lines
 * USAGE: rc=robi_setdata(fd,bitpat);
 * The return value is 0 on success.
 */
int robi_setdata(int fd,unsigned char bitpat)
{
    int rc;

    rc=ioctl(fd, PPWDATA, &bitpat);
    return(rc);
}

==== robi.h =====
/* vim: set sw=8 ts=8 si et: */
#ifndef H_ROBI
#define H_ROBI 1
#define VERINFO "version 0.2"


/* the first thing you need to do: */
extern int robi_claim(char *dev);

/* write a bit pattern to the data lines of the parallel port: */
extern int robi_setdata(int fd,unsigned char bitpat);

/* input and terminal functions */
extern int set_terminal(int canonical);
extern int getchoice();
extern int walkstraight_a(int fd);
extern int walkstraight_b(int fd);
extern int walkback(int fd);
extern int walkleft(int fd);
extern int walkright(int fd);

/* data pins to legs:
 * A1------=------B1
 *         =
 *         =
 * B2------=------A2
 *         =
 *         =
 * A3------=------B3
 *
 *
 * Pin to set A-legs to ground= AD
 * Pin to set B-legs to ground= BD
 *
 * parallel port    leg name
 * -------------------------
 * data 0           A1
 * data 1           A2
 * data 2           A3
 * data 3           AD
 * data 4           B1
 * data 5           B2
 * data 6           B3
 * data 7           BD
 */
#define LEGA1 1
#define LEGA2 2
#define LEGA3 4
#define LEGAD 8
#define LEGB1 16
#define LEGB2 32
#define LEGB3 64
#define LEGBD 128

#endif

#
# Parallel port support
#
CONFIG_PARPORT=m
CONFIG_PARPORT_PC=m
CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_FIFO=y
# CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_SUPERIO is not set
# CONFIG_PARPORT_AMIGA is not set
# CONFIG_PARPORT_MFC3 is not set
# CONFIG_PARPORT_ATARI is not set
# CONFIG_PARPORT_SUNBPP is not set
CONFIG_PARPORT_OTHER=y
CONFIG_PARPORT_1284=y
#
# Character devices
#
CONFIG_PPDEV=m
#