Internet-Draft ACME DA May 2022
Weeks Expires 18 November 2022 [Page]
Workgroup:
ACME Working Group
Internet-Draft:
draft-bweeks-acme-device-attest-00
Published:
Intended Status:
Standards Track
Expires:
Author:
B. Weeks
Google

Automated Certificate Management Environment (ACME) Device Attestation Extension

Abstract

This document specifies new identifiers and a challenge for the Automated Certificate Management Environment (ACME) protocol which allows validating the identity of a device using attestation.

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on 18 November 2022.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

The Automatic Certificate Management Environment (ACME) [RFC8555] standard specifies methods for validating control over identifiers, such as domain names. It is also useful to be able to validate properties of the device requesting the certificate, such as the identity of the device and if the certificate key is protected by a secure cryptoprocessor.

Many operating systems and device vendors offer functionality enabling a device to generate a cryptographic attestation of their identity, such as:

Using ACME and device attestation to issue client certificates for enterprise PKI is anticipated to be the most common use case. The following variances to the ACME specification are described in this document:

2. Conventions and Definitions

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

3. Permanent Identifier

A new identifier type, "permanent-identifier" is introduced to represent the identity of a device assigned by the manufacturer, typically a serial number. The name of this identifier type was chosen to align with [RFC4043], it does not prescribe the lifetime of the identifier, which is at the discretion of the Assigner Authority.

The identity along with the assigning organization can be included in the Subject Alternate Name Extension using the PermanentIdentifier form described in [RFC4043].

The server MAY allow the client to include this identifier in the certificate signing request (CSR). Alternatively if the server wishes to only issue privacy-preserving certificates, it MAY reject CSRs containing a PermanentIdentifier in the subjectAltName extension.

4. Hardware Module

A new identifier type, "hardware-module" is introduced to represent the identity of the secure cryptoprocessor, if any, that generated the certificate key.

(TODO describe the certificate representation)

If the server includes HardwareModule in the subjectAltName extension the CA MUST verify that the certificate key was generated on the secure cryptoprocessor with the asserted identity and type. The key MUST NOT be able to be exported from the cryptoprocessor.

If the server wishes to issue privacy-preserving certificates, it MAY omit HardwareModule from the subjectAltName extension.

5. Device Attestation Challenge

The client can prove control over a permanent identifier of a device by providing an attestation statement containing the identifier of the device.

The device-attest-01 ACME challenge object has the following format:

type (required, string):

The string "device-attest-01".

token (required, string):

A random value that uniquely identifies the challenge. This value MUST have at least 128 bits of entropy. It MUST NOT contain any characters outside the base64url alphabet, including padding characters ("="). See [RFC4086] for additional information on randomness requirements.

{
  "type": "device-attest-01",
  "url": "https://example.com/acme/chall/Rg5dV14Gh1Q",
  "status": "pending",
  "token": "evaGxfADs6pSRb2LAv9IZf17Dt3juxGJ-PCt92wr-oA"
}

A client fulfills this challenge by constructing a key authorization ([RFC4086] Section 8.1) from the "token" value provided in the challenge and the client's account key. The client then generates an WebAuthn attestation object using the key authorization as the challenge.

This specification borrows the WebAuthn attestation object representation as described in Section 6.5.4 of [WebAuthn] for encapsulating attestation formats with these modification:

A client responds with the response object containing the WebAuthn attestation object in the "attObj" field to acknowledge that the challenge can be validated by the server.

On receiving a response, the server constructs and stores the key authorization from the challenge "token" value and the current client account key.

To validate a device attestation challenge, the server performs the following steps:

  1. Perform the verification proceedures described in Section 6 of [WebAuthn].
  2. Verify that key authorization conveyed by attToBeSigned matches the key authorization stored by the server.
POST /acme/chall/Rg5dV14Gh1Q
Host: example.com
Content-Type: application/jose+json

{
  "protected": base64url({
    "alg": "ES256",
    "kid": "https://example.com/acme/acct/evOfKhNU60wg",
    "nonce": "SS2sSl1PtspvFZ08kNtzKd",
    "url": "https://example.com/acme/chall/Rg5dV14Gh1Q"
  }),
  "payload": base64url({
    "attObj": base64url(/* WebAuthn attestation object */),
  }),
  "signature": "Q1bURgJoEslbD1c5...3pYdSMLio57mQNN4"
}

6. Security Considerations

TODO Security

7. IANA Considerations

7.1. ACME Identifier Types

The "ACME Validation Methods" registry is to be updated to include the following entry:

Table 1
Label Reference
permanent-identifier RFC XXXX
hardware-module RFC XXXX

7.2. ACME Validation Method

The "ACME Validation Methods" registry is to be updated to include the following entry:

Table 2
Label Identifier Type Reference
device-attest-01 permanent-identifier RFC XXXX

8. Normative References

[RFC2119]
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
[RFC4043]
Pinkas, D. and T. Gindin, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Permanent Identifier", RFC 4043, DOI 10.17487/RFC4043, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4043>.
[RFC4086]
Eastlake 3rd, D., Schiller, J., and S. Crocker, "Randomness Requirements for Security", BCP 106, RFC 4086, DOI 10.17487/RFC4086, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4086>.
[RFC8174]
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
[RFC8555]
Barnes, R., Hoffman-Andrews, J., McCarney, D., and J. Kasten, "Automatic Certificate Management Environment (ACME)", RFC 8555, DOI 10.17487/RFC8555, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8555>.
[WebAuthn]
Hodges, J., Jones, J., Jones, M. B., Kumar, A., and E. Lundberg, "Web Authentication: An API for accessing Public Key Credentials Level 2", , <https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-2/>.

Appendix A. Enterprise PKI

ACME was originally envisioned for issuing certificates in the Web PKI, however this extension will primarily be useful in enterprise PKI. The subsection below covers some operational considerations for an ACME-based enterprise CA.

A.1. External Account Binding

An enterprise CA likely only wants to receive requests from authorized devices. It is RECOMMENDED that the server require a value for the "externalAccountBinding" field to be present in "newAccount" requests.

If an enterprise CA desires to limit the number of certificates that can be requested with a given account, including limiting an account to a single certificate. After the desired number of certificates have been issued to an account, the server MAY revoke the account as described in Section 7.1.2 of [RFC8555].

Acknowledgments

TODO acknowledge.

Author's Address

Brandon Weeks
Google

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