sptrends is a framework for statistical inference of spatiotemporal trends in gridded environmental data, with independent spatial-autocorrelation diagnostics. It currently implements two published workflows: True Significant Trends (TST) -- prewhitening, Contextual Mann-Kendall, Theil-Sen, and adaptive FDR correction, via workflow_tst() -- described in the second reference below; and Robust Trend Analysis (RTA) -- Theil-Sen, Contextual Mann-Kendall, and standard FDR-BH, without prewhitening, via workflow_rta() -- described in the third. User-configured, validated, non-published combinations are available exclusively through workflow_trends(). To cite the package itself, use the first reference; to cite the specific published workflow or component methods used, add the second and/or third.

Gutiérrez-Hernández O, García L (2026). sptrends: Statistical Inference for Spatiotemporal Trends in Gridded Data. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21822842. R package, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21822842.

Gutiérrez-Hernández O, García L (2025). “Uncovering true significant trends in global greening.” Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 37, 101377. ISSN 2352-9385. doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101377.

Gutiérrez-Hernández O, García L (2024). “Robust Trend Analysis in Environmental Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Cork Oak Forest Decline.” Remote Sensing, 16(20), 3886. doi:10.3390/rs16203886.

Cite the first reference for the software itself. Also cite the TST reference if you used workflow_tst(), the RTA reference if you used workflow_rta(), or both if you used both. For workflow_trends(), cite the methodological sources for the components selected.

Corresponding BibTeX entries:

  @Manual{,
    title = {sptrends: Statistical Inference for Spatiotemporal Trends
      in Gridded Data},
    author = {Oliver Gutiérrez-Hernández and Luis V. García},
    year = {2026},
    note = {R package},
    doi = {10.5281/zenodo.21822842},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21822842},
  }

  @Article{,
    title = {Uncovering true significant trends in global greening},
    author = {Oliver Gutiérrez-Hernández and Luis V. García},
    journal = {Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment},
    year = {2025},
    volume = {37},
    pages = {101377},
    issn = {2352-9385},
    doi = {10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101377},
  }

  @Article{,
    title = {Robust Trend Analysis in Environmental Remote Sensing: A
      Case Study of Cork Oak Forest Decline},
    author = {Oliver Gutiérrez-Hernández and Luis V. García},
    journal = {Remote Sensing},
    year = {2024},
    volume = {16},
    number = {20},
    pages = {3886},
    doi = {10.3390/rs16203886},
  }