C.8. Upgrade Red Hat distribution

In this section it all comes together. We will walk through an entire serial console upgrade, not that it differs much from a standard text mode upgrade.

Configure BIOS to boot from floppy or insert the floppy disk. Now reboot the machine.

bash# shutdown -r now
SYSLINUX 1.64 1.64-pre2   Copyright (C) 1994-2001 H. Peter Anvin
                Welcome to Red Hat Linux 7.1!
 -  To install or upgrade Red Hat Linux in graphical mode, 
    press the <ENTER> key.
 -  To install or upgrade Red Hat Linux in text mode, type: text <ENTER>.
 -  To enable low resolution mode, type: lowres <ENTER>.  
    Press <F2> for more information about low resolution mode.
 -  To disable framebuffer mode, type: nofb <ENTER>.  
    Press <F2> for more information about disabling framebuffer mode.
 -  To enable expert mode, type: expert <ENTER>.  
    Press <F3> for more information about expert mode.
 -  To enable rescue mode, type: linux rescue <ENTER>.  
    Press <F5> for more information about rescue mode.
 -  If you have a driver disk, type: linux dd <ENTER>.
 -  Use the function keys listed below for more information.
[F1-Main] [F2-General] [F3-Expert] [F4-Kernel] [F5-Rescue]
boot: 
Loading initrd.img..............
Loading vmlinuz............. ready.
Linux version 2.4.2-2BOOT (root@porky.devel.redhat.com) (gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-79)) #1 Sun Apr 8 18:24:33 EDT 2001

Because we have booted into expert mode, the menus differ slightly from the standard upgrade. For example, you probably don't have a driver disk.

 Welcome to Red Hat Linux
+----------+ Devices +-----------+
|                                |
| Do you have a driver disk?     |
|                                |
|    +-----+          +----+     |
|    | Yes |          |[No]|     |
|    +-----+          +----+     |
|                                |
+--------------------------------+

The upgrade then continues in the usual fashion.

+--------+ Choose a Language +---------+
|                                      |
| What language should be used during  |
| the installation process?            |
|                                      |
|            Czech       :             |
|          [ English     : ]           |
|            Danish      :             |
|            French      :             |
|            German      :             |
|            Hungarian   :             |
|            Icelandic   :             |
|            Italian     :             |
|                                      |
|               +----+                 |
|               |[OK]|                 |
|               +----+                 |
|                                      |
+--------------------------------------+

Select HTTP to upgrade from the web server we prepared previously.

+-----+ Installation Method +------+
|                                  |
| What type of media contains the  |
| packages to be installed?        |
|                                  |
|            NFS image             |
|            FTP                   |
|          [ HTTP ]                |
|                                  |
|     +----+         +------+      |
|     |[OK]|         | Back |      |
|     +----+         +------+      |
|                                  |
+----------------------------------+

Here we supply the network details recorded in Example C-1. If your network supports Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol or the Bootstrap Protocol then these work fine too.

+--------------------+ Configure TCP/IP +--------------------+
|                                                            |
| Please enter the IP configuration for this machine. Each   |
| item should be entered as an IP address in dotted-decimal  |
| notation (for example, 1.2.3.4).                           |
|                                                            |
|       [ ] Use dynamic IP configuration (BOOTP/DHCP)        |
|                                                            |
|           IP address:           10.1.2.3________           |
|           Netmask:              255.255.255.0___           |
|           Default gateway (IP): 10.1.2.254______           |
|           Primary nameserver:   10.255.1.1______           |
|                                                            |
|            +----+                      +------+            |
|            |[OK]|                      | Back |            |
|            +----+                      +------+            |
|                                                            |
+------------------------------------------------------------+

Provide the name of the pre-prepared web server. Note that the response to Red Hat directory must start with a /.

+-----------------+ HTTP Setup +-----------------------------------+
|                                                                  |
| Please enter the following information:                          |
|                                                                  |
|     o the name or IP number of your web server                   |
|     o the directory on that server containing                    |
|       Red Hat Linux for your architecure                         |
|                                                                  |
|   Web site name:     www.example.edu.au_______________________   |
|   Red Hat directory: /redhat/linux/7.1-20020202/en/os/i386____   |
|                                                                  |
|         +----+                 +------+                          |
|         |[OK]|                 | Back |                          |
|         +----+                 +------+                          |
|                                                                  |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+

The following status messages then fly by before the welcome screen appears.

Retrieving base/netstg1.img...
Loading /mnt/runtime ramdisk...
Retrieving base/netstg2.img...
Loading /mnt/runtime/usr ramdisk...
Running anaconda - please wait...
Graphical installation not available for http installs.  Starting text mode.
+----------------+ Red Hat Linux +-----------------+
|                                                  |
| Welcome to Red Hat Linux!                        |
|                                                  |
| This installation process is outlined in detail  |
| in the Official Red Hat Linux Installation       |
| Guide available from Red Hat Software. If you    |
| have access to this manual, you should read the  |
| installation section before continuing.          |
|                                                  |
| If you have purchased Official Red Hat Linux,    |
| be sure to register your purchase through our    |
| web site, http://www.redhat.com/.                |
|                                                  |
|         +----+                 +------+          |
|         |[OK]|                 | Back |          |
|         +----+                 +------+          |
|                                                  |
+--------------------------------------------------+

Select Upgrade Existing Installation, although this procedure works fine for installations as well.

+--------------+ Installation Type +--------------+
|                                                 |
| What type of system would you like to install?  |
|                                                 |
|          Workstation                            |
|          Server System                          |
|          Laptop                                 |
|          Custom System                          |
|        [ Upgrade Existing Installation ]        |
|                                                 |
|         +----+                +------+          |
|         | OK |                | Back |          |
|         +----+                +------+          |
|                                                 |
+-------------------------------------------------+

The upgrade continues. When the LILO Configuration screen appears insert the kernel parameters recorded from Example C-2. These parameters should include console=ttyS….

+---------------------+ LILO Configuration +---------------------+
|                                                                |
| A few systems will need to pass special options to the kernel  |
| at boot time for the system to function properly. If you need  |
| to pass boot options to the kernel, enter them now. If you     |
| don't need any or aren't sure, leave this blank.               |
|                                                                |
|       [ ] Use linear mode (needed for some SCSI drives)        |
|                                                                |
|        console=tty0 console=ttyS0,9600n8_______________        |
|                                                                |
|       +----+              +------+             +------+        |
|       | OK |              | Skip |             | Back |        |
|       +----+              +------+             +------+        |
|                                                                |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+

+-------------+ LILO Configuration +--------------+
|                                                 |
|  Where do you want to install the bootloader?   |
|                                                 |
|[/dev/hda         Master Boot Record (MBR)      ]|
| /dev/hda1        First sector of boot partition |
|                                                 |
|         +----+                +------+          |
|         | OK |                | Back |          |
|         +----+                +------+          |
|                                                 |
+-------------------------------------------------+

+----------------------+ LILO Configuration +-----------------------+
|                                                                   |
| The boot manager Red Hat uses can boot other operating systems    |
| as well. You need to tell me what partitions you would like to    |
| be able to boot and what label you want to use for each of them.  |
|                                                                   |
| Device      Partition type            Default Boot label          |
|[/dev/hda6   Linux Native              *       linux     ] :       |
|                                                           :       |
|                                                           :       |
|                                                           :       |
|                                                           :       |
|                                                                   |
|        +----+              +------+              +------+         |
|        | Ok |              | Edit |              | Back |         |
|        +----+              +------+              +------+         |
|                                                                   |
|                                                                   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

The upgrade continues. As installing the packages may take a few hours, you can disconnect.

+-------------+ Package Installation +--------------+
|                                                   |
| Name   :                                          |
| Size   :                                          |
| Summary:                                          |
|                                                   |
|                  Packages       Bytes        Time |
| Total    :              0         0M              |
| Completed:              0         0M              |
| Remaining:              0         0M              |
|                                                   |
|                                                   |
+---------------------------------------------------+

If you disconnected, then when reconnecting it is best to press Tab rather than pressing Return.

Pressing Return on the Bootdisk screen writes a boot disk. This will overwrite the upgrade disk.

You may wish to deliberately create a boot disk if you cannot alter the BIOS parameters to boot from the hard disk, or if you cannot wait for someone to eject the floppy disk before rebooting.

+------------------+ Bootdisk +-------------------+
|                                                 |
| A custom boot disk provides a way of booting    |
| into your Linux system without depending on     |
| the normal bootloader. This is useful if you    |
| don't want to install lilo on your system,      |
| another operating system removes lilo, or lilo  |
| doesn't work with your hardware configuration.  |
| A custom boot disk can also be used with the    |
| Red Hat rescue image, making it much easier to  |
| recover from severe system failures.            |
|                                                 |
| Would you like to create a boot disk for your   |
| system?                                         |
|                                                 |
|         +-----+                 +----+          |
|         |[Yes]|                 | No |          |
|         +-----+                 +----+          |
|                                                 |
+-------------------------------------------------+

When the Complete screen appears prepare to reboot into Linux. If you have a serial BIOS be prepared to alter the BIOS parameters to boot from the hard disk first. If you do not have a serial BIOS ask someone to eject the floppy disk.

+-----------------+ Complete +------------------+
|                                               |
| Congratulations, installation is complete.  # |
|                                             : |
| Press return to reboot, and be sure to      : |
| remove your boot medium after the system    : |
| reboots, or your system will rerun the      : |
| install. For information on fixes which     : |
| are available for this release of Red Hat   : |
| Linux, consult the Errata available from    : |
| http://www.redhat.com/errata.               : |
|                                             : |
| Information on configuring and using your   : |
| Red Hat Linux system is contained in the    : |
|                                               |
|                    +----+                     |
|                    |[OK]|                     |
|                    +----+                     |
|                                               |
+-----------------------------------------------+
sending termination signals...done
sending kill signals...done
disabling swap...
	/tmp/swap/hda5
unmounting filesystems...
	/mnt/sysimage/var/www/html
	/mnt/sysimage/boot
	/mnt/sysimage/proc
	/mnt/runtime/usr
	/mnt/sysimage
	/proc/bus/usb
	/mnt/runtime
	/dev/pts
	/proc
rebooting system
Restarting system.

LILO 
Loading linux......................
Linux version 2.4.3-12 (root@porky.devel.redhat.com) (gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-85)) #1 Fri Jun 8 15:05:56 EDT 2001

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